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Over 100 years of industrial activity has gravely polluted the soil around several Umicore sites. Today, Umicore wants to end the practice of passing on this inheritance of previous generations to the next and undertakes a large-scale sanitation project of the soil and groundwater on and around its four sites in Flanders.

CSR Europe (2004): Covenant on Soil and Groundwater Sanitation. Government and Corporation Cooperating for a Healthier Environment. Brussels: CRS Europe URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019]

This book systematically examines the targeting performance of consumer utility subsidies in 32 programs from 13 water utilities as well as a similar sample of electricity utilities. Most of the programs involve volume-based subsidies, which are common in the water sector.

KOMIVES, K. FOSTER, V. HALPERN, J. WODON, Q. (2005): Water, Electricity, and the Poor: Who Benefits from Utility Subsidies? . Washington DC: The World Bank URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019] PDF

This report is a comprehensive analysis of the data and information collected for the ‘Study on the Nepalese Private Sector’s Involvement in Water and Sanitation’. The main aim of this study was to understand the private sector’s willingness to partner up with development sector for water and sanitation issues as part of their CSR activities.

NEPALI, N ; SHRESTHA, R. (2008): Report On The Study of Nepalese Private Sector’s Involvement in Water and Sanitation . In: UN HABITAT Water for Asian Cities Programme Nepal: URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019]

This is a publication describing the different faces of subsidies. However, it is mainly written from the sanitation point of view.

EVANS, B. VOORDEN, C. van der PEAL, A. (2009): Public Funding for Sanitation. The many Faces of Sanitation Subsidies. Geneva: Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019] PDF

This publication is aimed at creating awareness on the particular characteristics of CSR in Asia and points towards the challenges that businesses will have to deal with when operating in the region. As with other regions, CSR in Asia must address Asian challenges and the priorities of Asian stakeholders.

CSR ASIA (2009): CSR in Asia: the Real Picture. Lloyd’s Register Quality Assurance (LRQA) URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019]

FOSTER, V. GOMEZ-LOBO, A. HALPERN, J. (n.y): Designing Direct Subsidies For Water And Sanitation Services Panama: A Case Study. URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019] PDF

THE ECONOMIST (2010): Search Economic Terms: Subsidy. New York: The Economist Online URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019]

https://www.iisd.org/gsi/ [Accessed: 29.04.2019]

The International Institute for Sustainable Development’s Global Subsidies Initiative (GSI) is a project designed to put the spotlight on subsidies and the corrosive effects they can have on environmental quality, economic development and governance.

Since the 1980s, the Swiss federal government has actively pursued a policy to reduce the emission of pollutants from heating systems. The program bases upon three measures, which are regulatory in nature: emission thresholds, systems inspections with permits and heating controls.

KAUFMANN-HAYOZ, R. BAETTIG, C. BRUPPACHER, S. DEFILA, R. DI GIULIO, A. FLURY-KLEUBER, P. FRIEDERICH, U. GARBELY, M. JAEGGI, C. JEGEN, M. MOSLER, H.J. MUELLER, A. NORTH, N. ULLI-BEER, S. WICHTERMANN, J. (2001): A Typology of Tools for Building Sustainability Strategies. In: KAUFMANN-HAYOZ, R. ; GUTSCHER, H. (2001): Changing Things – Moving People. Strategies for Promoting Sustainable Development at the Local Level. Basel: 33-108. URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019]

https://ec.europa.eu/growth/industry/corporate-social-responsibility_en [Accessed: 29.04.2019]

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) official link from the European Union (EU) for sustainable and responsible business. This website contains the main EU statements towards CSR.

Short case study about how direct subsidies are an increasingly popular means of making infrastructure services more affordable to the poor in Chile. Under the direct subsidy approach, governments pay part of the water bill of poor households that meet certain eligibility criteria.

FOSTER, V. GOMEZ-LOBO, A. HALPERN, J. (2000): Designing Direct Subsidies for the Poor — A Water and Sanitation Case Study. Washington DC: The World Bank URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019]

The company’s biannual report on their CSR activities is a fine example on how much companies are willing to invest into CSR and how it is used to work on the image of the company.

THE COCA-COLA COMPANY (2009): Live Positively. Our commitment to making a positive difference in the world. (= 2008/2009 Sustainability Review ). THE COCA-COLA COMPANY URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019]

The main question that this paper tries to answer is “How should water be priced by a state water company in poor developing country?” This is a critical paper where the economic arguments for and against subsidised water are critically developed.

MENG, J. (2008): Water Subsidy Design: Implications and Consequences. URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019]

This note discusses the type of information required to design adequate subsidies, where it can be found, and ways to deal with lack of available data to design subsidies.

GOMEZ-LOBO, A. FOSTER, V. HALPERN, J. (2000): Infrastructure Reform, Better Subsidies, and the Information Deficit. Washington DC: The World Bank URL [Accessed: 29.04.2019]

WHEATON, A. (2009): https://www.flickr.com/photos/gtzecosan/3683051201 "Two pictures from SuSanA on Flickr". [Accessed: 26.04.2019]

Involving leaders: In order to raise awareness of the potential to use used toilet bags as fertilizer, demonstration plots were planted in Mymensingh Pourashava, Bangladesh. In one picture, a community leader from Kalibari community helps plant a lemon tree. In another one, the Mayor of Mymensingh Pourashava speaking to the Malgudam community after creating the demonstration plot. Both are pictures are from SuSanA on Flickr

https://www.ircwash.org/ [Accessed: 26.04.2019]

Web page of the International Water and Sanitation Centre (IRC) with several publications on water supply systems operation and maintenance.

https://eypaw.uwex.edu/ [Accessed: 26.04.2019]

A site containing more than 150 curricula to educate young people about water issues (English) - ranging from acid rain to wise water use.

This factsheet book is a compilation of 13 thematic factsheets which were produced by the eleven SuSanA working groups (WGs): WG1 - Capacity development; WG 2 - Finance and economics; WG 3 - Renewable energies and climate change; WG 4 - Sanitation systems, technology options, hygiene and health; WG 5 - Food security and productive sanitation systems; WG 6 - Cities and planning; WG 7 - Community, rural and schools (with gender and social aspects); WG 8 - Emergency and reconstruction situations; WG 9 - Sanitation as a business and public awareness; WG 10 - Operation and maintenance; WG 11 - Groundwater Protection. What makes these factsheets special is that they are multi-authored by people from different organisations and by free-lance consultants. The factsheets were developed in a long process involving many discussions and review loops which were mostly carried out in public, e.g. at working group meetings, with the working group mailing lists or, since July 2011, also in the open SuSanA discussion forum.

MUENCH, E. von ; INGLE, R. ; MBALO, D ; KAPPAUF, L. (2012): Compilation of 13 Factsheets on Key Sustainable Sanitation Topics. Eschborn: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH URL [Accessed: 26.04.2019]

http://www.waternetonline.org/ [Accessed: 26.04.2019]

WaterNet is a regional network of university departments and research and training institutes specialising in water. The network offers training, education, research and outreach by harnessing the complementary strengths of member institutions in the region and elsewhere. You can register for a newsletter and as a member you can log in for more information and networking.

This 4-page advocacy guide has been developed to inform and support the planning and conducting of advocacy work for sanitation in a country or region. Although it focuses on sanitation, this document presents a sound general overview of the key steps and elements for planning advocacy activities.

UN-WATER (2009): Advocacy for Sanitation: A Brief Guide. New York: UN-Water URL [Accessed: 26.04.2019]