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SODIS - Water Quality Improvement at Household Level. A Case Example From the Kibera Slum, Nairobi, Kenya

This document outlines that the drinking water sources in the Kibera Slum in Nairobi are of very bad condition. It contains information about Kenya Water for Health Organization (KWAHO) and its implementation of a Solar Water Disinfection (SODIS) project.

KWAHO (n.y): SODIS - Water Quality Improvement at Household Level. A Case Example From the Kibera Slum, Nairobi, Kenya. Nairobi: EAWAG / SANDEC URL [Accessed: 16.05.2019]
Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water. 2010 Update

This well illustrated report describes the status and trends with respect to the use of safe drinking-water and basic sanitation, and progress made towards the MDG drinking-water and sanitation target. It presents some striking disparities: the gap between progress in providing access to drinking-water versus sanitation; the divide between urban and rural populations in terms of the services provided; differences in the way different regions are performing, bearing in mind that they started from different baselines; and disparities between different socioeconomic strata in society. Each JMP report assesses the situation and trends anew and so this JMP report supersedes previous reports (e.g. from 2004, 2006 and 2008).

WHO ; UNICEF (2010): Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water. 2010 Update. Geneva: World Health Organisation (WHO) / New York: UNICEF URL [Accessed: 16.05.2019]
A Snapshot of Drinking Water and Sanitation in Africa – 2010 Update. A Regional Perspective Based on New Data from the WHO/UNICEF JMP for Water Supply and Sanitation

This Snapshot of Drinking Water and Sanitation in Africa (2010 update) aims at informing on the status and trends in progress towards achieving the MDG drinking-water and sanitation target in Africa. It includes statistics, illustrations, tables and graphics specifically related to the African continent, based on the JMP 2010 report data and prepared in collaboration with the WHO/UNICEF JMP.

AFRICAN MINISTERS’ COUNCIL ON WATER (AMCOW) (2010): A Snapshot of Drinking Water and Sanitation in Africa – 2010 Update. A Regional Perspective Based on New Data from the WHO/UNICEF JMP for Water Supply and Sanitation. Abuja: African Ministers’ Council on Water URL [Accessed: 16.05.2019]
Hippo Water Rollers in South Sudan

This is a report to evaluate what impact the Hippo Water Rollers had made on the community of Maleng-Agok (South Sudan) after 8 months of use.

HIPPOROLLER (2010): Hippo Water Rollers in South Sudan. Johannesburg: The Hippo Water Roller Project URL [Accessed: 16.05.2019]
A Snapshot of Drinking Water and Sanitation in Africa. A regional perspective based on new data from the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation

This document contains a new set of drinking water and sanitation coverage estimates for Africa based on the most recent JMP (Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation) estimates (2006). It provides an assessment of the population currently using an improved drinking-water source and basic sanitation, disaggregated by sub-regions and urban and rural areas. It further details African progress towards the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target for drinking-water supply and sanitation (Target 7c).

UNICEF ; WHO (2008): A Snapshot of Drinking Water and Sanitation in Africa. A regional perspective based on new data from the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation. New York and Geneva: UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) URL [Accessed: 16.05.2019]
Trenching Safety - Introduction to Trenching Hazards

A significant number of deaths and injuries in sewer and watermain work are directly related to trenching. Trenching fatalities are mainly caused by cave-ins. Death occurs by suffocation or crushing when a worker is buried by falling soil. Over half of all powerline contacts involve buried cable. Before excavating, the gas, electrical, and other services in the area must be accurately located and marked. If the service poses a hazard, it must be shut off and disconnected. Read more here.

IHSA (1991): Trenching Safety - Introduction to Trenching Hazards. Mississauga: Infrastructure Health & Safety Association URL [Accessed: 16.05.2019]
Methods of Delivering Water

In this technical note, the delivery systems normally considered for rural villages are described in terms of three levels of service. These depend on the constructing, operating and maintenance costs and techniques, and their impact on the consumer's health and convenience.

USAID (1982): Methods of Delivering Water. Washington D.C. (USA): United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Water for the World -Technical Note No. RWS. 4.M URL [Accessed: 15.05.2019]
Manual on Operation and Maintenance of Water Supply Systems

This manual is intended for the managers and technicians in charge of the operation and maintenance of the urban drinking water supply systems. It is a guide to strengthen the technical, operational and managerial capabilities required of the concerned personal in order to maintain acceptable norms of quantity, quality, reliability and cost.

CPHEEO (2005): Manual on Operation and Maintenance of Water Supply Systems. New Delhi: Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO), Indian Ministry of Urban Development URL [Accessed: 15.05.2019]
African Water Utilities Regional Comparative Utility Creditworthiness Assessment Report

This report compares different water utilities in Africa, in regard to their size, operation, efficiency, and also debt and liquidity. Yet, it also contains more general information, such as an economic and regulatory overview of water utilities (water utility business models, performance agreements, management, availability of water and sanitation, regulatory environment, tariff structure etc.).

WSP (2008): African Water Utilities Regional Comparative Utility Creditworthiness Assessment Report. Kenya: Water and Sanitation Program - Africa Regions URL [Accessed: 15.05.2019]
Helping India Achieve 24x7 Water Supply Service by 2010

Summary of observations and outputs from roundtable discussions on private sector participation (PSP) in water supply in India and from its follow-up conference. Based on current experiences and existing methods, it provides indications of options and roadmaps for greater effectiveness.

SEETHARAM, K.E. BRIDGES, G. (2006): Helping India Achieve 24x7 Water Supply Service by 2010. (= Water Sector Technical Notes No. 1 ). Asian Development Bank (ADB) URL [Accessed: 15.05.2019]
Chapter 5. Intermittent Water Supply

Part of a guide and sourcebook on urban water supplies focusing on Asia. This chapter analyses the causes, consequences and some possible solutions of intermittent water supplies.

MCINTOSH, A.C. (2003): Chapter 5. Intermittent Water Supply. In: MCINTOSH, A.C. ; (2003): Asian Water Supplies. Reaching the Urban Poor. . URL [Accessed: 15.05.2019]
Manual of Water Supply and Treatment
CPHEEO (1999): Manual of Water Supply and Treatment. New Delhi (India): Expert Committee constituted by the Government of India, Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation (CPHEEO), Indian Ministry of Urban Development URL [Accessed: 15.05.2019]
Water Quality and Intermittent Water Supplies. Presentation for Consultation on Minimum Household Water Security Requirement and Health

Principles of drinking water security and quality, and their links to intermittent supply, applied to the situation in Jordan.

SUNNA, N. (2003): Water Quality and Intermittent Water Supplies. Presentation for Consultation on Minimum Household Water Security Requirement and Health. Amman: World Health Organization Regional Centre for Environmental Health Activities (CEHA) URL [Accessed: 15.05.2019]
Appendixes. 1: City Profiles and Summary Findings. 2: Case Studies. 3: Examples of Small-Scale Water Providers

These three appendixes describe rather recent water situations, from expert's point of view, delivering various analysis: water system assessment and summary findings for 18 Asian cities (Appendix 1), six case studies dealing with different water management systems and resource situations (Appendix 2), and six examples of divers small-scale water providers (Appendix 3).

MCINTOSH A.C. (2003): Appendixes. 1: City Profiles and Summary Findings. 2: Case Studies. 3: Examples of Small-Scale Water Providers. In: MCINTOSH, A.C. ; (2003): Asian Water Supplies. Reaching the Urban Poor. . URL [Accessed: 15.05.2019]