Perspectives are different frameworks from which to explore the knowledge around sustainable sanitation and water management. Perspectives are like filters: they compile and structure the information that relate to a given focus theme, region or context. This allows you to quickly navigate to the content of your particular interest while promoting the holistic understanding of sustainable sanitation and water management.
A document that deals with the use of diagrams. This includes not only Venn diagrams but also other types of diagram. The file first it gives an introduction to the type of diagram, then some instructions on how to use them. At the end, an example is presented.
HAWKINS, R. (n.y): System Diagram – Guidelines. Wageningen: International Centre for development oriented Research in Agriculture (ICRA) URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This document in German offers the most important information to know for managing coloured cards.
METAPLAN GMBH (n.y.a) Fibel zur Metaplantechnik. Wie man mit der Metaplantechnik Gruppengespräche moderiert. Quickborn: Metaplan URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This document explains four possible visions in “Interconnecting Water”. The scenarios are not detailed described and some technologies are not even available. The aim of this paper is to inspire people and future generations.
FOKKE, M. REGOORT, P. VOSKAMP, T. STRUKER, A. BERG, M. van den TIMMERS, W. GELDOF, G. EEM, H. van der HENDRIKS, A. WOLDERS, M. O. (2009): Interconnecting Water, Urban Water Cycle Long Term Vision. Den Haag, Gravenhage & Rijswijk: Samenwerken Aan Water URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This four-page document provides good advice on how to use mind mapping, presents some nice examples and describes the benefits of using mind maps.
VELLIARIS, D. (2009): Mind Mapping. Learning Guide. Aidelade: The University of Adelaide URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
A SWOT analysis which examines the ability of municipalities in Peru to provide an effective and efficient management of their water and sanitation services. This also includes strategic goals which were formulated for a further improvement in the services.
CARE (2006): Experiences with Strategic Planning for Rural Drinking Water and Sanitation in District Municipalities. Lima (Peru): Pilot Project to improve district water and sanitation management and sustainability - PROPILAS URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
A general description on how to do a SWOT analysis.
HORN-HAACKE, L. (n.y): Using SWOT for Project Team Planning Sessions. URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This working paper describes the approach which used by EMPOWERS to develop future visions of water resource management and of using scenarios as a tool to analyse key factors affecting the vision. Based on these scenarios potential strategies and plans are developed which could help to match the vision.
MORIARITY, P. BATCHELOR, C. LABAN, P. (2005): Using Visions, Scenarios and Strategies within the EMPOWERS Planning Cycle for IWRM. (= =EMPOWERS Working Paper No. 4 ). URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This article focuses on strategic planning of water resources management. Scenario building can improve the process of planning as well as the efficiency, cost and environmental impact.
MANOLI, E. ; KATSIARDI, P. ; ARAMPATZIS, G. ; ASSIMACOPOULOS, D. (2005): Comprehensive water management scenarios for strategic planning. In: Global NEST Journal: Volume 7 , 369-378. URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This handbook describes various tools for participatory community assessments. Step 8 explains how to write a community action plan.
ACPHD (2004): A Handbook for Participatory Community Assessments Experiences from Alameda County. Oakland: ACPHD URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This Master Thesis describes a field study that was conducted to understand the multiple perspectives on water and sanitation issues at the biggest slum (Kisnyi) in Kampala, Uganda. Soft Systems Methodology was used, including the drawing of a rich picture by stakeholders.
BEREKET, N. (2009): Water Supply and Sanitation at Kisnyi Slum, Uganda– A Study on Institutional and Stakeholder Perspectives on the Major Issues. Master Thesis. Uppsala, Sweden: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences URL [Accessed: 30.06.2019]
This study uses rich pictures In a university teaching environment which aims to encourage students to adopt deep learning (seeking meaning) approaches when learning about information systems. The use and reaction to rich pictures by third year university students are described and illustrated.
HORAN, P. (2000): Using Rich Pictures in Information Systems Teaching. (= (=Proceedings of the first International Conference on Systems Thinking in Management, Geeling, Australia, November 8-10, 2000) ). University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University URL [Accessed: 30.06.2019]
Ten key points that are prerequisite for successful municipal wastewater management. They cover policy issues, management approaches, technology selection and financing mechanisms.
UNEP ; WHO ; UN-HABITAT ; WSSCC (2003): 10 Keys for Local and National Action . The Hague: United Nations Environment Programme Global Programme of Action (UNEP/GPA), Coordination Office URL [Accessed: 30.06.2019]
This short PowerPoint presentation explains in a brief way how to do a stakeholder analysis and also contains empty tables that can be directly used for analysing stakeholders.
PUBLIC SECTOR IMPROVEMENT FACILITY (n.y): Stakeholder Analysis. URL [Accessed: 30.06.2019]
This guidance note provides a step-by-step manual on how to do a stakeholder analysis. Effective strategies for stakeholder participation must be based on good analysis of individuals, groups, and institutions with an interest in a project.
ODA (1995): Guidance Note on how to do Stakeholder Analysis of Aid Projects and Programmes. London: Overseas Development Department (ODA) URL [Accessed: 30.06.2019]
The semi-structured interview is the most common form of interviewing. In it, the interviewer has worked out a set of questions beforehand, but intends the interview to be conversational. To do so, the interviewer can change the order of the questions or the way they are worded. He or she can give explanations or leave out questions that may appear redundant. So, the main job is to get the interviewer to talk freely and openly while making sure you get the in-depth information on what you are researching.
WEST LOTHIAN COUNCIL (2004): 8. Semi-structured interview. In: West Lothian Council Psychological Services, Research Guidelines. Livingston: West Lothian Council, pp.38-39. URL [Accessed: 30.06.2019]