Perspectives are different frameworks from which to explore the knowledge around sustainable sanitation and water management. Perspectives are like filters: they compile and structure the information that relate to a given focus theme, region or context. This allows you to quickly navigate to the content of your particular interest while promoting the holistic understanding of sustainable sanitation and water management.
Although this document is mainly prepared for companies, it also helps to find out about strategy development within a community as it shows the most important steps to take.
KAPLAN, R. S. NORTON, D. P. BARROWS, E.A. (2008): Developing the Strategy: Vision, Value Gaps, and Analysis. Balanced Scorecard Report. Boston: Harvard Business School URL [Accessed: 08.07.2019]
This three-page factsheet provides short but top-notch information about conflict management. It presents knowledge, tips and skills that are useful in conflict resolution and describes steps to manage a potential conflict.
NRCS (2005): Conflict Management. Greensboro: Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Social Sciences Team URL [Accessed: 08.07.2019]
This briefing tries to raise awareness of the links between water issues and conflict and focuses on integrating conflict prevention and natural resource management. The paper discusses direct links between water and conflicts as well as indirect links. In addition, several options and instruments of conflict management are presented.
KRAMER, A. (2004): Water and Conflict. Policy briefing for USAID. Washington DC: Adelphi Research, Center for International Forestry Research, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars URL [Accessed: 08.07.2019]Website maintained by the World Café Community Foundation, containing diverse information about the method.
A SWOT analysis which examines the ability of municipalities in Peru to provide an effective and efficient management of their water and sanitation services. This also includes strategic goals which were formulated for a further improvement in the services.
CARE (2006): Experiences with Strategic Planning for Rural Drinking Water and Sanitation in District Municipalities. Lima (Peru): Pilot Project to improve district water and sanitation management and sustainability - PROPILAS URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
A general description on how to do a SWOT analysis.
HORN-HAACKE, L. (n.y): Using SWOT for Project Team Planning Sessions. URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This working paper describes the approach which used by EMPOWERS to develop future visions of water resource management and of using scenarios as a tool to analyse key factors affecting the vision. Based on these scenarios potential strategies and plans are developed which could help to match the vision.
MORIARITY, P. BATCHELOR, C. LABAN, P. (2005): Using Visions, Scenarios and Strategies within the EMPOWERS Planning Cycle for IWRM. (= =EMPOWERS Working Paper No. 4 ). URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This article focuses on strategic planning of water resources management. Scenario building can improve the process of planning as well as the efficiency, cost and environmental impact.
MANOLI, E. ; KATSIARDI, P. ; ARAMPATZIS, G. ; ASSIMACOPOULOS, D. (2005): Comprehensive water management scenarios for strategic planning. In: Global NEST Journal: Volume 7 , 369-378. URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This handbook describes various tools for participatory community assessments. Step 8 explains how to write a community action plan.
ACPHD (2004): A Handbook for Participatory Community Assessments Experiences from Alameda County. Oakland: ACPHD URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This document describes the advantages and disadvantages of using nominal group technique and explains the process of applying this tool.
WBI EVALUATION GROUP (2007): Nominal Group Technique. Washington DC: World Bank URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This document gives detailed information about how to use coloured cards. You can gain a lot of ideas and practices by going through this guideline.
METAPLAN GMBH (n.y.b) Metaplan Basic Techniques. Quickborn: Metaplan URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]The Technology Applicability Framework (TAF) provides a neutral approach for investigation of WASH technological innovation through an objective examination of criteria in the key dimensions technology performance, market potential and scalability, institutional support, innovation and planning, sustainability of service provision and potential and process uptake of new technologies.
This is a report about a Study Tour in 2009 by a group of leaders from the Australian water sector, who travelled to Europe and Singapore. During the trip, they developed a vision about a Water Sensitive City which is a place where built and natural environments are in harmony. The tour members hope the vision stimulates discussion about the water sector and its ecosystem.
ALLAN (2009): A Vision for a Water Sensitive City / Inspired by the 2009 Transition to a Water Sensitive City Study Tour. Various Locations: Water Sensitive Cities URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
The SWOT analysis was applied to analyse the capacity of two villages in Madagascar to increase their investment in water and sanitation projects.
DIBNER-DUNLAP, A. HUSSAINI, N. MORCHED, D. SOBHANI, N. SON, H. VAZQUEZ, V. (2009): A Review of Local Tax Policy to Expand Water & Sanitation Access. Prepared For WaterAid Madagascar and WaterAid America. New York (USA): School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]