Library

This book provides a general introduction to a wide range of technologies. Among the topics covered are: planning and management of small water supplies, community water supplies in Central and Eastern European countries, water quality and quantity, integrated water resources management, artificial recharge, rainwater harvesting, spring water tapping, groundwater withdrawal, water lifting, surface water intake, water treatment, aeration, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, multi-stage filtration, desalination technology, disinfection, household level water treatment, technologies for arsenic and iron removal from ground water, and emergency and disaster water supply. Chapter 23: Technologies for Arsenic Removal

SMET, J. ; WIJK, C. van (2002): Small Community Water Supplies: Technology, People and Partnership: Technologies for Arsenic Removal - Chapter 23. The Hague: International Water and Sanitation Centre (IRC) URL [Accessed: 08.03.2019] PDF

NE (n.y): Solar Water Pump. Lahore: National Engineers (NE) URL [Accessed: 08.03.2019]

IDEI (n.y): Treadle pumps in India. International Development Enterprises India (IDEI). URL [Accessed: 08.03.2019]

This book provides a general introduction to a wide range of technologies. Among the topics covered are: planning and management of small water supplies, community water supplies in Central and Eastern European countries, water quality and quantity, integrated water resources management, artificial recharge, rainwater harvesting, spring water tapping, groundwater withdrawal, water lifting, surface water intake, water treatment, aeration, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, multi-stage filtration, desalination technology, disinfection, household level water treatment, technologies for arsenic and iron removal from ground water, and emergency and disaster water supply.

SMET, J. ; WIJK, C. van (2002): Small Community Water Supplies: Technology, People and Partnership: Spring Water Tapping - Chapter 8. The Hague: International Water and Sanitation Centre (IRC), pp. 151-168. URL [Accessed: 08.03.2019] PDF

This report describes the periodic maintenance needed for spring boxes and seep collection systems to make them operate effectively in the long-term.

WFTW (n.y): Maintaining Structures for Springs. Technical Note No. RWS. 1.0.1. Washington, D.C.: Water for the World (WFTW), U.S. Agency for International Development URL [Accessed: 08.03.2019] PDF

A VLOM pump can be operated and sustained using Village Level Operation and Maintenance. This factsheet introduces the VLOM concept in a condensed manner.

SKINNER, B. SHAW, R. (n.y): VLOM Pumps. Leicestershire: WEDC Loughborough University URL [Accessed: 08.03.2019] PDF

https://www.whymap.org/whymap/EN/Home/whymap_node.html [Accessed: 08.03.2019]

The Web Map Application aims at visualising hydrogeological information collected within the WHYMAP project on a global scale. For more regional or country level interest, additional information on available hydrogeological maps is provided.

This Technical Brief looks at spring protection including the catchment area, the immediate area around the spring and the construction of spring boxes. It also highlights two methods of reducing sediments in the water coming from large springs and introduces alternative protection methods to spring boxes.

OXFAM (2008): Spring Protection. Technical Brief. Oxford: Oxfam International URL [Accessed: 08.03.2019] PDF

This paper covers many technical aspects of different desalination technologies and plants.

REPUBLIC OF MAURITIUS (n.y): Technical Aspects of Desalination Plants. Port Louis: Republic of Mauritius URL [Accessed: 07.03.2019] PDF

ZHOU, Y. and TOL, R.S.J. (2005): Evaluating the Costs of Desalination and Water transport. Water Resources Research, 41 (3). URL [Accessed: 07.03.2019] PDF

This paper presents a review of the highlights that have been achieved during the recent years and the state-of-the-art for most important efforts in the field of desalination by renewable energy, with emphasis on solar energy applications.

MATIOULAKIS, E. ; BELESSIOTIS, V. ; DELYANNIS, E. (2007): Desalination by using Alternative Energy: Review of State of the Art. In: Elsevier Desalination : Volume 203 , 346-365. URL [Accessed: 07.03.2019] PDF

Indirect solar desalination systems consist of a conventional desalination unit coupled to a solar conversion system. Their most significant possibilities of development in the near future are assessed in this paper. Particular emphasis is given to the efficiency of such systems since their cost mainly depends on the maturity of the technology and the production scale.

GARCIA-RODRIGUEZ, L. (2007): Assessment of most Promising Developments in Solar Desalination. In: RIZZUTI ; (2007): Solar Desalination for the 21th Century. Heidelberg: 355-369. URL [Accessed: 07.03.2019] PDF

WPO (1998): Waters Protection Ordinance of 28 October 1998 (814.201). Bern: Waters Protection Ordinance (WPO) URL [Accessed: 07.03.2019] PDF

Desalination has become one of the main sources of water in most of the countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. All MENA countries lie in the Sunbelt region and have the space needed by solar technologies. Success in implementing solar technologies in desalination depends on the progress made or to be made to economically convert solar energy into electrical and thermal energies.

QUTEISHAT, K. ABU-ARABI, M. (2004): Promotion of Solar Desalination in the MENA Region. Muscat: Middle East Desalination Research Center URL [Accessed: 07.03.2019] PDF

This article presents the state-of-the-art technologies in theworld desalination market. Modern techniques are described in detail and a critical comparison between different techniques is presented, taking into account economical and geographic criteria.

TATA-DUCRU, F. (2009): Dessalement de l’Eau de Mer: Bilan des Dernieres Avancés Technologiques; Bilan Economique; Analyse Critique en Fonction des Contextes. Paris: Agence Francaise de Developpement URL [Accessed: 07.03.2019] PDF

Language: Spanish

In this paper, a mathematical model is presented to calculate the impact of desalination plants on salinity within a semi-enclosed sea of simple geometry.

PURNAMA, A. ; AL-BARWANI, H.H. ; SMITH, R. (2005): Calculating the Environmental Cost of Seawater Desalination in the Arabian Marginal Seas. In: Elsevier Desalination 185: Volume 185 , 79-86. URL [Accessed: 07.03.2019] PDF

This paper describes the use of solar thermally driven stand-alone desalination systems adapted to remote areas based on membrane distillation. The aim is to develop systems for a capacity ranging from 0.2 to 20 m3/day. Technical simplicity, long maintenance-free operation periods and high quality output are the important parameters that will enable successful application of the systems.

KOSCHIKOWSKI, J. ; WIEGHAUS, M. ; ROMMEL, M. (2003): Solar thermal-driven desalination plants based on membrane distillation. In: Elsevier Desalination : Volume 156 , 298-304. URL [Accessed: 07.03.2019] PDF

HASSON, D. ; BENDRIHEM, O. (2006): Modeling Remineralization of Desalinated Water by Limestone Dissolution. In: Elsevier Desalination : Volume 190 , 189-200. URL [Accessed: 07.03.2019] PDF

https://iah.org/publications [Accessed: 04.03.2019]

The research page of the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) features many publications on groundwater research.

This brochure briefly explains the functions, water treatment potential and advantages of a riverbank filtration system in South India.

TERI (2007): Safe Water by Riverbank Filtration. A Demonstration of an Appropriate Water Treatment Technology. New Delhi & Kingston: Teri & University of Rhode Island URL [Accessed: 04.03.2019] PDF