Perspectives are different frameworks from which to explore the knowledge around sustainable sanitation and water management. Perspectives are like filters: they compile and structure the information that relate to a given focus theme, region or context. This allows you to quickly navigate to the content of your particular interest while promoting the holistic understanding of sustainable sanitation and water management.
A short summary of activated charcoal and its functioning in water treatment.
This seminar report helps people responsible for the sustainable operation of on-site sanitation systems. It shows new developments in the field and contains a lot of detailed information about Faecal Sludge Management (FSM).
WINSA (2011): What Happens When the Pit is Full?. Developments in On-Site Faecal Sludge Management (FSM). Durban: Water Information Network South Afrika (WINSA) URL [Accessed: 06.10.2011]
This paper shows a comparison between coconut shell-based and commercial activated carbons with respect to adsorption of organic matter from industrial wastewater in Africa.
AMUDA, O.S. ; IBRAHIM, A.O. (2006): Industrial Wastewater Treatment Using Natural Material as Adsorbent. المُدخلات: African Journal of Biotechnology : Volume 5 , 1483-1487. URL [Accessed: 05.10.2011]
This project is focused on developing an innovative sanitation solution that is affordable for implementation within floating communities on the Tonle Sap in Cambodia.
BROWN, M. SODANEATH, H. SMITH, J. HAGAN, J. BUNTHAN, K. (2010): Sanitation in Floating Communities in Cambodia. Phnom Penh and Melbourne: Live and Learn Environmental Education and Engineers without Borders URL [Accessed: 05.10.2011]
This presentation describes the coupling of ozonation and activated carbon filtration for Fresno (USA) surface water treatment facility.
MARTIN, L. MOORHEAD, R. HEARDS, K. PROCE, D. (n.y): Using Biological Activated Carbon in Drinking Water Treatment . [Accessed: 04.10.2011] PDF
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) have set us on a common course to push back poverty, inequality, hunger and illness. The world has pledged to reduce by half the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation. Entering the International Decade for Action, Water for Life, 2005–2015, this report looks at the challenge of meeting the MDG target for drinking water and sanitation. Achieving the MDG drinking water and sanitation target poses two major challenges: a rapid pace of urbanization, which requires a major effort even to keep up the current coverage levels; a huge backlog of rural people unserved with basic sanitation and safe drinking water, which calls for an intensive mobilization of resources to reduce the vast coverage gap between urban and rural populations.
WHO ; UNICEF (2006): Meeting the MDG Drinking Water and Sanitation Target: The Urban and Rural Challenge of the Decade. Geneva and New York: World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund URL [Accessed: 04.10.2011]
This 5 pages factsheet summarises important facts that have to be considered for home water treatment by means of activated carbon.
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY (1990): Home Water Treatment Using Activated Carbon. المُدخلات: (New) Extension Bulletin : URL [Accessed: 04.10.2011]
The treatment of organic contaminants using activated carbon from Nigerian waste bamboo is investigated in this article.
ADEMILUYI, F. T. ; AMADI, S. A. ; AMAKAMA, N. J. (2009): Adsorption and Treatment of Organic Contaminants using Activated Carbon from Waste Nigerian Bamboo. المُدخلات: Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management: Volume 13 , 39-47 . URL [Accessed: 04.10.2011]
Activated carbon filtration (AC) is effective in reducing certain organic chemicals and chlorine in water. It can also reduce the quantity of lead in water although most lead-reducing systems use another filter medium in addition to carbon. Water is passed through granular or block carbon material to reduce toxic compounds as well as harmless taste- and odor-producing chemicals. This fact sheet discusses the principles and processes of typical activated carbon filtration systems.
LEMLEY, A. ; WAGENET, L. ; KNEEN, B. (1995): Activated Carbon Treatment of Drinking Water. المُدخلات: Water Treatment Notes Cornell Cooperative Extension: URL [Accessed: 04.10.2011]
In this 4 pages factsheet, the performances and limitations of organic removal by activated carbon are discussed with a special emphasis on air stripping systems.
TECH BRIEF (1997): Organic Removal. المُدخلات: National Drinking Water Clearhouse : URL [Accessed: 04.10.2011]
This document contains a literature review on activated carbon and reports the results of a detailed study of granular activated carbon management at the Rietvlei Water treatment plant in South Africa.
CLEMENTS, M. (2002): Granular Activated Carbon Management at a Water Treatment Plant. [Accessed: 04.10.2011] PDFChemical methods of water treatment including activated carbon from the World Health Organization.
This website provides information on water treatment studies, computing, equipment, and components related to ozonation.
This study describes the ozonation facilities installed in Yorkshire for pesticide removal and algae control to enhance the slow sand filters without the need for granular activated carbon.
OZONIA (2000): Ozone Planet. Loftsome Bridge Yorkshire Water Services. [Accessed: 03.10.2011] PDF
This report discusses the key findings and recommendations emerging from a pilot Citizen Report Card (CRC) on water, sanitation, and sewerage services in Karachi. The CRC, pioneered by the Public Affairs Center (PAC), Bengaluru, provides public agencies with systematic feedback from users of public services. CRC gains such feedback through sample surveys on aspects of service quality that users know best, and enable public agencies to identify strengths and weaknesses in their work.
WSP (2010): Water and Sewerage Services in Karachi. Citizen Report Card: Sustainable Service Delivery Improvements. Washington: Water and Sanitation Program URL [Accessed: 03.10.2011]
In this study, the use of ozone was taken into consideration for disinfection of drinking water in Tehran. Advantages and disadvantages of water ozonation are evaluated with a pilot plant in Tehran Pars water treatment plant.
HOVEID, H. ; NABI BIDHENDI, G. ; REZA JAFARI, H. ; NASRABADI, T. ; SHAHRIARI, T. (2008): Evaluating the Use of Ozone for Disinfection of Drinking Water, Case Study: Tehran Pars Water Treatment Plant (Iran) . المُدخلات: Environmental Sciences : Volume 5 , 31-38. URL [Accessed: 03.10.2011]
This article provides case studies on different industrial applications of ozonation.
STOPKA, O. (1997): Experiences During 25 Years of Ozonation for Different Industrial Applications. المُدخلات: IOA/PAG Conference: URL [Accessed: 03.10.2011]Summaries of different water treatment methods including ozonation are presented in this website.