Library

This publication is a guide for professional engineers and water supply specialists engaged in the design or development of arsenic removal treatment for public water systems using only ground water. The objective of the publication is to ensure that new or substantially modified public water system facilities such as those for factories, schools, mobile home parks, office buildings, restaurants, condominiums, and the like will be capable of producing an adequate supply of potable water in compliance with the arsenic maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 0.010 mg/L.

STRICKLAND, T. FISHER, M. KORLESKI, C. (2010): Guidelines for Arsenic Removal Treatment for Small Public Drinking Water Systems. Columbus: Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (Ohio EPA) URL [Accessed: 07.11.2011]

This report describes an environmental impact assessment of the Hydro Power development in the Namibian sector of the Okavango River Basin, which includes a cost benefit analyse of the Hydro Power development in the region.

CHRISTIAN, C. (2009): Technical Report on Hydro-electric Power Development in the Namibian section of the Okavango River Basin. The permanent Okavango River Basin Water Commission. Maun, Botswana: The Permanent Okarango River Basin Water Commission (OKAKOM) URL [Accessed: 06.11.2011]

A factsheet covering the history, types, and advantages and disadvantages of hydropower.

VORWEG GEHEN GROUP (2011): Hydro Power. Essen: RWE Power Renewables. [Accessed: 06.11.2011] PDF

The Three Gorges Dam (TGD) and associated infrastructure is the largest integrated water project built in the history of the world. It has also been one of the most controversial due to its massive environmental, economic, and social impacts.

GLEICK, P. COOLEY, H. COHEN, M. MORIKAWA, M. MORRISON, J. PALANIAPPAN, M. (2009): The World’s Water 2008 – 2009. The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources. London: Island Press URL [Accessed: 06.11.2011]

LEDEC, G. QUINTERO, J.D. (2003): Good Dams and Bad Dams. Environmental Criteria for Site Selection of Hydroelectric Projects. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank Latin America and Caribbean Regional Office URL [Accessed: 06.11.2011]

This factsheet provides environmental guidelines that enable a comparison between the potential impacts of different of hydroelectric projects.

COFACE (2003): Hydroelectric Power Stations and Large Dams. Riga, Latvia: Coface. [Accessed: 06.11.2011] PDF

Except for this study, the Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) process has been only researched in wastewater treatment plants and aquatic environments, including sediments. Nothing is known so far about the distribution, diversity, abundance and activity of Anammox bacteria in terrestrial ecosystems. This study provides molecular evidence for the presence of Anammox bacteria in wetlands, sediments of marshes, a Reductisol profile, lake shores, a permafrost soil and a porous aquifer.

HUMBERT, S. (2011): Discovery of Anammox Bacteria in Terrestrial Ecosystems. (= PhD Thesis ). Neuchâtel: Université de Neuchâtel URL [Accessed: 04.11.2011]

This thesis investigates the partial nitritation/Anammox in one-stage system und oxygen limited condition (also called CANON or Deaomonification) and with the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) technology. Anammox process coupled with partial nitritation can be particularly suitable to treat ammonium-rich wastewater with low content of biodegradable organic matter, such as the reject water from the dewatering of digest sludge, which is usually recirculated back to the mainstream of wastewater treatment plants, accounting for the 15-20% of total nitrogen load.

BERTINO, A. (2010): Study on One-Stage Partial Nitritation-Anammox Process in Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors: A Sustainable Nitrogen Removal. Master Thesis. Stockholm: Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) URL [Accessed: 04.11.2011]

This short factsheet describes how an Anammox reactor replaces an existing, but old treatment system in the sludge treatment facility in Rotterdam.

PAQUE (n.y): Anammox case study STW Rotterdam. Balk: Paques BV URL [Accessed: 04.11.2011]

This paper is a field study discussing the water quality of domestic groundwater supplies treated with point of use powered activated carbon filters with an emphasis on the impact of such treatment on bacteriological quality.

SYNDER, J.W. ; MAINS, C.N. ; ANDERSON, R.E. ; BISSONETTE, G.K. (1995): Effect of Point-of-Use, Activated Carbon Filters on the Bacteriological Quality of Rural Groundwater Supplies. المُدخلات: Applied and Environmental Microbiology: Volume 61 , 4291-4295. URL [Accessed: 04.11.2011]

The first full-scale Anammox reactor in the world was started in Rotterdam (NL). The reactor was scaled-up directly from laboratory-scale to full-scale and treats up to 750 kg-N/d. With the experience of this first full-scale commercial Anammox reactor in operation, a consistent and descriptive nomenclature is suggested for reactors in which the Anammox process is employed.

STAR, W.R.L. van der ; ABMA, W.R. ; BLOMMERS, D. ; MULDER, J.W. ; TOKUTOMI, T. ; STROUS, M. ; PICIOREANU, C. ; LOOSDRECHT, M.C.M. van (2007): Startup of Reactors for Anoxic Ammonium Oxidation: Experiences from the First Full-Scale Anammox Reactor in Rotterdam. المُدخلات: Water Research: Volume 41 , 4149-4163. URL [Accessed: 04.11.2011]

NCBI (2011): Ammonium-oxidising bacterium. Bethesda: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). [Accessed: 04.11.2011]

As a country bordering the Rhine, Switzerland shares in the responsibility to reduce nitrogen export to the North Sea. In wastewater treatment plants, this is currently accomplished through a costly expansion of the main activated sludge system. During the 1990s, however, there were several reports of nitrogen being eliminated rather unexpectedly under certain operating conditions. It was found that this is due to a recently discovered group of bacteria, which were also found in Swiss wastewater treatment plants. Based on this discovery, process engineers have developed a new process that reliable removes nitrogen.

FUX, C. ; EGLI, K. ; MEER, J.R. ; SIEGRIST, H. (2003): The Anammox Process for Nitrogen Removal from Waste Water. PDF

NCBI (2011): Ammonium-oxidizing Bacterium. Bethesda: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) URL [Accessed: 04.11.2011]

http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/La-Mi/Law-International-Water.html#ixzz1cRwCQnu0 [Accessed: 03.11.2011]

This online article talks about the water as a potential source for conflicts and the international law for international waters. Furthermore it contains a case study about the Nile River.

http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Re-St/Reservoirs-Multipurpose.html [Accessed: 03.11.2011]

This website includes the most important issues concerning man-made reservoirs.

WATERENCYCLOPEDIA (2011): Lake Management Issues. Illinois: Advameg Inc URL [Accessed: 03.11.2011]

WATERENCYCLOPEDIA (2011): Reservoirs, Multipurpose. Illinois: Advameg Inc URL [Accessed: 03.11.2011]

TUTORVISTA (2010): Biogas Plants.. tutorvista.com URL [Accessed: 01.11.2011]

UPAC (2001): Glossary of Terms in Photocatalysis and Radiation Catalysis. Poster presented at the IUPAC Congress/General Assembly, July 2001. URL [Accessed: 01.11.2011]