Perspectives are different frameworks from which to explore the knowledge around sustainable sanitation and water management. Perspectives are like filters: they compile and structure the information that relate to a given focus theme, region or context. This allows you to quickly navigate to the content of your particular interest while promoting the holistic understanding of sustainable sanitation and water management.
Website maintained by the World Café Community Foundation, containing diverse information about the method.
This briefing tries to raise awareness of the links between water issues and conflict and focuses on integrating conflict prevention and natural resource management. The paper discusses direct links between water and conflicts as well as indirect links. In addition, several options and instruments of conflict management are presented.
KRAMER, A. (2004): Water and Conflict. Policy briefing for USAID. Washington DC: Adelphi Research, Center for International Forestry Research, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars URL [Accessed: 08.07.2019]
The conflict analysis tools tip sheet summarises seven tools that can be used to assess different conflict characteristics in a more structured way. The aim of the tools is to make subjective conflict perceptions more transparent, and to enhance reflection and communication. The tools presented are: Conflict wheel, conflict tree, conflict mapping, glasl's escalation model, conflict perspective analysis, needs-fears mapping, and a multi-causal role model.
MASON, S. RYCHARD, S. (2005): Conflict Analysis Tools - Tip Sheet. Bern: Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Conflict Prevention and Transformation Division (COPRET) URL [Accessed: 08.07.2019]
This training course teaches a set of skills that will help water resources decision makers prevent conflict, deal with conflict should it arise, and use water decisions as a venue for dialogue when others are closed to parties locked in various types of non-water conflicts. Topics include: Identification of the characteristics of effective participatory, consensus building, and conflict management processes. Identification of behaviours that escalate conflict during a dispute with other agencies, stakeholders, or the public – and identification of behaviours that halt this escalation.
DELLI PRISCOLI, J. (2003): Participation, Concensus Building and Conflict Management Training Course. Paris: UNESCO – Division of Water Sciences URL [Accessed: 08.07.2019]
Although this document is mainly prepared for companies, it also helps to find out about strategy development within a community as it shows the most important steps to take.
KAPLAN, R. S. NORTON, D. P. BARROWS, E.A. (2008): Developing the Strategy: Vision, Value Gaps, and Analysis. Balanced Scorecard Report. Boston: Harvard Business School URL [Accessed: 08.07.2019]
This document describes the advantages and disadvantages of using nominal group technique and explains the process of applying this tool.
WBI EVALUATION GROUP (2007): Nominal Group Technique. Washington DC: World Bank URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This document gives detailed information about how to use coloured cards. You can gain a lot of ideas and practices by going through this guideline.
METAPLAN GMBH (n.y.b) Metaplan Basic Techniques. Quickborn: Metaplan URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]The Technology Applicability Framework (TAF) provides a neutral approach for investigation of WASH technological innovation through an objective examination of criteria in the key dimensions technology performance, market potential and scalability, institutional support, innovation and planning, sustainability of service provision and potential and process uptake of new technologies.
This is a report about a Study Tour in 2009 by a group of leaders from the Australian water sector, who travelled to Europe and Singapore. During the trip, they developed a vision about a Water Sensitive City which is a place where built and natural environments are in harmony. The tour members hope the vision stimulates discussion about the water sector and its ecosystem.
ALLAN (2009): A Vision for a Water Sensitive City / Inspired by the 2009 Transition to a Water Sensitive City Study Tour. Various Locations: Water Sensitive Cities URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
The SWOT analysis was applied to analyse the capacity of two villages in Madagascar to increase their investment in water and sanitation projects.
DIBNER-DUNLAP, A. HUSSAINI, N. MORCHED, D. SOBHANI, N. SON, H. VAZQUEZ, V. (2009): A Review of Local Tax Policy to Expand Water & Sanitation Access. Prepared For WaterAid Madagascar and WaterAid America. New York (USA): School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
A SWOT analysis of the Nile Basin Initiative, which is a transboundary river basin management programme. In this paper, the whole initiative is being analysed by a SWOT analysis.
BELAY, A.A. ; SEMAKULA, H.M. ; WAMBURA, G.J. ; JAN, L. (2010): SWOT Analysis and Challenges of Nile Basin Initiative: An Integrated Water Resource Management Perspective. In: Chinese Journal of Population, Resources and Environment 8: , 8-17. URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
The Communities That Care (CTC) coalition started in 2002 as a group of community members interested in addressing alcohol, tobacco and other drug use among youth. The CTC coalition’s community action plan outlines the programs, policies and practices to be implemented and specifies measurable desired outcomes in terms of teen behaviour as well as process measures of the coalitions’ progress toward meeting these goals. Though not from the water and sanitation context, this is still a valuable study to understand community action plans in practice.
CTC Collation (2005): Communities That Care Coalition. Community Action Plan. Massachusetts: CTC Collation URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
Spain is a country where water can be scarce and as result of this water scarcity, conflicts between different stakeholders can arise. Information and participation is essential to solve conflicts and scenario building helps to understand problems and main issues which could strengthen further in future.
MARTINEZ-SANTOS, P. VARELA-ORTEGA, C. HERNANDED-MORA, N. (2007): Making inroads towards adaptive water management through stakeholder involvement, the NeWater experience in the Upper Guadiana basin, Spain. (= =Proceeding of the CAIWA International Conference on Adaptive & integrated Water Management, 12th to 15th November 2007; Session E4 ). URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This SEAGA Field Handbook is written for development agents who work directly with local communities in developing countries. It is intended for outsiders such as extensionists, government and non-government field workers, and private- and public-sector development consultants, and for insiders such as community organisers and leaders of local groups and institutions. The purpose of this handbook is to support participatory development planning at the community level.
FAO (2001): Field Level Handbook. SEAGA Socio-Economic and Gender Analysis Programme. Rome (Italy): FAO URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This handbook introduces various participatory tools used within the participatory rural appraisal framework.
ADEBO, S. (2000): Training Manual on Participatory Rural Appraisal. Addis Ababa: My Fire Community URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
A concrete example about the use of Venn diagrams and what they can detect. The use of Venn diagram is simple, but it is not without any problems as this example shows.
FARNWORTH, C.R. (1998): Musing on the use of chapati diagrams. In: PLA Notes 1998: Volume 31 , 9-12. URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This document offers the most important information to know for managing coloured cards.
METAPLAN GMBH (n.y.c) Primer for the Metaplan Technique. How to Moderate Group Discussions Using the Metaplan Technique. Quickborn: Metaplan URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]
This task group was devoted to the assessment of the existing low conventional sanitation options and the innovative sanitation technologies. All the feasible technologies available were evaluated using the criteria designed in WP1, based on the existing applications in Africa and other relevant developing countries.
ZURBRUEGG,C. TILLEY, E. (2007): Evaluation of existing low-cost conventional as well as innovative sanitation system and technologies. Duebendorf: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG) URL [Accessed: 07.07.2019]