Perspectives are different frameworks from which to explore the knowledge around sustainable sanitation and water management. Perspectives are like filters: they compile and structure the information that relate to a given focus theme, region or context. This allows you to quickly navigate to the content of your particular interest while promoting the holistic understanding of sustainable sanitation and water management.
Besides basic theory, this proceeding of the international symposium of Ecosan in Bonn (Germany) includes several presentations, case studies and sustainable techniques in the sanitation section.
WERNER, C. SCHLICK, J. WITTE, G. HILDEBRANDT, A. (2000): Ecosan closing the loop in wastewater management and sanitation. Eschborn: The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH
The book has been divided in two parts. Part A provides a comprehensive summary concerning the various aspects of constructing, operating and maintaining pond systems. It also considers aspects such as management and safety. Part B is intended for persons making the preliminary designs on which cost estimates and, hence, choices can be made. In particular, the appendix and annex provide a working example and a simple methodology to help the designer in preparing adequately detailed designs.
WHO (1987): Wastewater stabilization ponds: Principles of planning and practice.. (= WHO EMRO Technical Publication , 10 ). Alexandria: World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
Different operation and maintenance options are presented with respect to sustainable plant operation, the use of local resources, knowledge, and manpower.
NATURGERECHTE TECHNOLOGIEN, BAU- UND WIRTSCHAFTSBERATUNG (TBW) GmbH (2001): Decentralised Wastewater Treatment Methods for Developing Countries. GTZ and GATE
En este artículo se exponen los cambios en los modelos de gestión en pequeñas ciudades Peruanas en donde CARE ha intervenido y la población ha sido parte del proceso de la gestión del agua; se plantean beneficios, desventajas y lo que posteriormente se debería hacer.
CARE (2007): Sistematización de Modelos de Agua y Saneamiento en Pequeñas Ciudades. Consultoría de Análisis de Experiencias Exitosas a Nivel Nacional en Agua y Saneamiento: Descentralización, Participación y Financiamiento. (= Programa de Alianzas Multisectoriales en Gestión del Recurso Hídrico LAC PPA 2 ). Perú: CARELanguage: Spanish
Exercise on the dimensioning of a septic tank.
EAWAG/SANDEC (2008): Sanitation Systems and Technologies. Exercises: Septic Tank. (= Sandec Training Tool 1.0, Exercises ). Duebendorf: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science (Eawag), Department of Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (Sandec)
This handbook, even though it dates back to 1982, is quite comprehensive. It explains the theory of biogas productions, factors affecting plant designs, and operation of plants. Details of several popular biogas plant designs, construction and operation and maintenance are given. Designs of biogas utilisation devices and their operation requirements for use in lighting and cooking and as a fuel for prime movers are also included. The use of digested slurry as a source of organic fertilizer is discussed. Technical problems faced in the construction and operation of biogas plants and appliances are identified along with the causes and known solutions.
MAZUMDAR, A. (1982): Biogas Handbook. Consolidation of Information. Paris: United Nation Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
The report presents an in-depth nationwide evaluation of the reuse of treated wastewater and biosolids in Jordan.
BREULMANN, M. ; MUELLER, R.A. ; AL-SUBEH, A. ; SUBAH, A. ; VAN AFFERDEN, M. (2019): Reuse of Treated Wastewater and Biosolids in Jordan. Nationwide Evaluation.
The Animal Products Development Centre, Bureau of Animal Industry (APDC-BAI) together with Bremen Overseas Research and Development Association (BORDA) jointly developed this DEWATS system in the view of a resources-saving and environmental friendly management of slaughterhouses and meat processing wastes in the Philippines. The system comprises a closed small-scale sewer system, an anaerobic digester, an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR), an anaerobic filter (AF) and an aerobic planted filter as a final step to reduce odours.
BORDA (2008): Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System -DEWATS. Animal Products Development Center, Bureau of Animal Industry (APDC-BAI). (= Sustainable Sanitation – Project Data Sheet ). Bremen: Bremen Overseas Research and Development Association (BORDA)Water pollution degrades surface waters making them unsafe for drinking, fishing, swimming, and other activities. As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program controls water pollution by regulating point sources that discharge pollutants into waters of the United States. Point sources are discrete conveyances such as pipes or man-made ditches. Individual homes that are connected to a municipal system, use a septic system, or do not have a surface discharge do not need an NPDES permit; however, industrial, municipal, and other facilities must obtain permits if their discharges go directly to surface waters. In most cases, the NPDES permit program is administered by authorized states. Since its introduction in 1972, the NPDES permit program is responsible for significant improvements to our Nation's water quality.
EPA (2013): National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. Washington: United States Environmental Protection Agency
