Library

DUTI, V.A. (2012): Theme Paper: tracking Functionality of WASH facilities – A key to Sustainable Services. Annual Review Conference of the Community Water and Sanitation Agency. The Hague: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre URL [Accessed: 18.06.2019]

Until now, sanitation has been seen as an unpopular “obligation”, a headache and an unwelcome burden for more successful water programmes. But the case for meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) in sanitation is overpowering and can only be achieved if the private sector becomes more involved in sanitation. Under the new paradigm, sanitation has to be seen as an opportunity – actually, as a business.

WSP (2004): Sanitation is a Business. Approaches for demand-oriented policies. Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) URL [Accessed: 18.06.2019]

This Sewer System Management Plan presents SSMP presents Palmdale’s goals for the management, operation, and maintenance of its wastewater collection system.

RMC (2009): Palmdale Sewer System Management Plan. URL [Accessed: 18.06.2019]

The second module is concerned with implications on how to implement the life-cycle cost approach in service planning, including data collection, check lists and methodological advice.

WASHCOST (2012): Implementing the life-cycle cost approach. Module 2. The Hague: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre URL [Accessed: 18.06.2019]

This paper reviews process and protocol for defining, reporting, declaring, certifying ODF (Open Defecation Free) and sustaining ODF, highlighting where the process varies between countries and potential determinants of sustainability within the process itself.

THOMAS, A. BEVAN, J. (2013): Developing and Monitoring Protocol for the Elimination of Open Defecation. (= ODF Protocol ). Nairobi: UNICEF URL [Accessed: 18.06.2019]

This report presents a wastewater treatment plant assessment for the City of Waterford.

RMC (2006): City of Waterford Wastewater Treatment Plant Assessment Report - Final Report. URL [Accessed: 18.06.2019]

Presentation on Water Safety Plans, describing different examples of WSP from the Philippines.

PERALTA, G. (n.y): Water Safety Plan and Selected Case Studies. Powerpoint Presentation. Manlia: WHO URL [Accessed: 18.06.2019]

This is the Brief note on a multi-country study launched in 2007 as a response by the World Bank’s Water and Sanitation Program to address major gaps in evidence among developing countries on the economic aspects of sanitation. Its objective is to provide economic evidence to increase the volumes and efficiency of public and private spending on sanitation. The Brief note summarises key findings of Study Phase II—cost-benefit analysis of alternative sanitation options—from Yunnan Province.

WSP (2011): The Economic Returns of Sanitation Interventions in Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China. Washington DC: Water and Sanitation Programme, Worldbank URL [Accessed: 18.06.2019]

This Practice Note from WSUP (Water and Sanitation for the Urban Poor) describes an Excel-based financial analysis tool which generates reliable costings of different options for achieving 100% sanitation access across low-income and non-low-income areas.

WSUP (2013): 100 percent Access by Design . A Financial Tool for Urban Sanitation. (= Practice Note, PN#009, MAY 2013 ). London: Water and Sanitation for the Urban Poor (WSUP) URL [Accessed: 18.06.2019]

This report is a synthesis of three individual country studies carried out in Bangladesh, Nepal and Nigeria in 2008-2009. The purpose of the study was to contribute to the global understanding of community-wide open defecation-free approaches, with a focus on the extent to which these approaches result in sustained and equitable improvements in sanitation behaviour.

WATERAID (2009): Sustainability and equity aspects of total sanitation programmes. A study of recent WaterAid-supported programmes in three countries. (= Global synthesis report ). London: WaterAid URL [Accessed: 17.06.2019]

There is an international consensus that urban sanitary conditions are in great need of improvement, but sharp disagreement over how this improvement should be pursued. Both market-driven and state-led efforts to improve sanitation in deprived communities tend to be severely compromised, as there is a lack of effective market demand (due to collective action problems) and severe barriers to the centralized provision of low-cost sanitation facilities. In principle, community-driven initiatives have a number of advantages. This report investigates these challenges and opportunities.

MCGRANAHAN, G. (2013): Community-Driven Sanitation Improvement in Deprived Urban Neighbourhoods. Research Report. London, Bangladesh: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR), International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), WaterAid, Sanitation and Hygiene Applied Research for Equity (SHARE) URL [Accessed: 17.06.2019]

This manual is the second part of the manual described above. This manual provides curriculums and guidance to trainers on how to facilitate a five-day Training of Trainers’ Program on community-driven total sanitation.

WSP (2007): Training of Trainers’ Manual on Community-driven Total Sanitation. Module 2: Trainers’ Note. Washington, DC: Water and Sanitation Program URL [Accessed: 17.06.2019]

https://www.susana.org/en/ [Accessed: 17.06.2019]

The official website of the Sustainable Sanitation Alliance SuSanA. SuSanA is a loose network of a number of organizations active in the field of sanitation, founded in 2007. The goals and objectives of SuSanA are to contribute to the achievement of the MDGs, to raise awareness on what sustainable sanitation solutions are and to promote them on a larger scale. The website contains a number of Factsheets by the different SuSanA working groups on various subjects related to sustainable sanitation. There is section where everyone can upload important documents.

This document describes various training workshops in order to implement the CLTS approach.

KAR, K. (2010): Facilitating “Hands-On” Training Workshops For Community-Led Total Sanitation. Geneva: Water Supply & Sanitation Collaborative Council URL [Accessed: 17.06.2019]

This guideline for decision-makers has been developed to provide first guidance on how to implement the Bellagio Principles by applying the HCES approach. Assistance is given to those willing to include and test this new approach in their urban environmental sanitation service programmes. Since practical experience with the HCES approach is lacking, this guideline is neither comprehensive nor final, but will have to be developed further on the basis of extensive field experience. Available in English, French and Spanish.

EAWAG (2005): Household-Centred Environmental Sanitation, Implementing the Bellagio Principles in Urban Environmental Sanitation – Provisional Guideline for Decision Makers. Geneva, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology URL [Accessed: 17.06.2019]

This document describes how the situation regarding sanitation looked like in Nepal before the CLTS approach was applied and how successful this approach was in Nepal.

WATERAID (2006): Community led total sanitation in Nepal getting us back on track. London: WaterAid URL [Accessed: 17.06.2019]

This document reflects the framework of Sanitation 21 very detailed. Hence, it explains the single parts of the framework comprehensible.

IWA (2005): Sanitation 21. Simple Approaches to Complex Sanitation. A Draft Framework for Analysis . London: International Water Association IWA. URL [Accessed: 16.06.2019]

The manual of the OPPS approach provides detailed information about the application of the framework.

KVARNSTROEM, E. AF PETERSENS, E. (2004): Open Planning of Sanitation Systems. Stockholm: Stockholm Environmental Institute URL [Accessed: 16.06.2019]

The purpose of this brochure is to inform about various planning approaches, strategies, priorities and directions in the area of sustainable sanitation.

MUELLEGGER, E. ; LECHNER, M. (2008): Solutions in Sanitation. Planning Principles. Wien: Austrian Development Agency URL [Accessed: 16.06.2019]

Sanitation 21 presents an internationally recognized planning framework based upon key principles of sanitation planning and recommended process guidelines. Built upon practical experience and best practices, Sanitation 21 brings together decisions about technology and management options with stakeholder needs and preferences to help inform the choice of appropriate sanitation systems. It is written in non-technical language to be relevant to policy makers and practitioners who are interested in providing appropriate and affordable sanitation services and presents recommended activities to guide the development of a city sanitation plan. This revised version of the Sanitation 21 framework builds upon the increase in knowledge and experience in city-wide planning.

PARKINSON, J. LUETHI, C. WALTHER, D. IWA ; GIZ ; Eawag-Sandec (2014): Sanitation 21. A Planning Framework for Improving City-wide Sanitation Services. London: International Water Association (IWA) URL [Accessed: 16.06.2019]