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8936 search results found
Fertiliser value of human manure from pilot urine-diversion toilets

This study, evaluates the effectiveness of human manure as a source of nutrients using cabbage as a test crop at Ntselamanzi location, Alice, South Africa as part of a project intended to generate knowledge and good practice in ecological sanitation.

MNKENI, P.N.S. AUSTIN, L.M. (2009): Fertiliser value of human manure from pilot urine-diversion toilets. Fort Hare and Pretoria: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare and CSIR Built Environment Unit URL [Accessed: 05.01.2011]
Planning and Implementation of Sustainable Sanitation in Peri/Semi- Urban Settings a Need for Development of Existing Tools?

This presentation is an example (case study) of planning of an ecological sanitation program in low income countries.

KLUTSE, A. (2009): Planning and Implementation of Sustainable Sanitation in Peri/Semi- Urban Settings a Need for Development of Existing Tools?. Ouagadougou: Centre Regional Pour l'Eau Potable et l'Assainissement a faible couts (CREPA) URL [Accessed: 05.01.2011]
http://www.un-habitat.org/
http://www.un-habitat.org/categories.asp?catid=548 [Accessed: 04.01.2011]

After studying the situation in slums around the world, UN-HABITAT sought to devise a system that would replace manual pit latrine and septic tank emptying. It commissioned a mechanical system that would be capable of being manufactured locally using readily available components, that would be affordable, easily serviceable, able to operate in narrow passageways where other conventional exhauster vehicles cannot pass, and capable of sucking out dense waste sludge for transportation to a larger tanker vehicle. At the same time it was imperative that excrement be removed as safely as possible without posing further health hazards in slums. Thus in 1995 Manus Coffey and Associates Ltd (MCA) and UN-HABITAT designed and built the first prototype in Ireland: the MK I UN-HABITAT Vacutug.

Technology Notes

These technology notes have been prepared following many general enquiries for technical information having been received by WaterAid over the years. Their purpose is to give an outline of the technologies used by WaterAid on long-term development projects in Africa and Asia, and to show alternatives, which might be appropriate in different circumstances. It may be possible to determine from the notes the technology, which would be appropriate in a particular location.

WATERAID (2008): Technology Notes. London: WaterAid URL [Accessed: 04.01.2011] PDF
Potential of the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor as decentralized Wastewater Treatment System in the Tropics

The anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) could be a valuable alternative to conventional septic tanks. In this study, 3 lab-scale experimental ABR (2 baffles with and without anaerobic filter, respectively, and 3 baffles) were studied and compared to a conventional 2 chambers septic tank. The experimental units were fed with a mixture of septage and sewage in order to imitate the characteristics of toilet wastewater from households.

KOOTTATEP, T. SRI-ANANT, W. ANTOINE, M. SCHERTENLEIB, R. (2004): Potential of the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor as decentralized Wastewater Treatment System in the Tropics. Klong Luang and Duebendorf: School of Environment, Resources and Development (SERD)/Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) and Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (SANDEC) at the Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science (EAWAG) URL [Accessed: 03.01.2011]
Upgrading conventional Septic Tanks by integrating in tank Baffles

The objective of this research study was to compare the treatment performance of the conventional septic tank system with upgraded septic tank systems, and to try to define the optimal operation conditions.

SRI-ANANT, W. (2003): Upgrading conventional Septic Tanks by integrating in tank Baffles. Klong Luang: School of Environment, Resources and Development (SERD)/Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) URL [Accessed: 03.01.2011]
Creative Group Discussions

Giving ideas of steering up group discussions.

PENN, A. (2005): Creative Group Discussions. University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture publications URL [Accessed: 23.12.2010]
Group Discussions. Tools and Techniques

Provides the detailed description of Group discussions methods in training.

USERFIT TOOLS (n.y): Group Discussions. Tools and Techniques. New York: Userfit URL [Accessed: 23.12.2010]