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A Biomaterial Based Approach for Arsenic Removal from Water

In this paper, it is shown that a biomaterial produced from dried water hyacinths roots, a plant that is found in abundant supply in many parts of the world, can provide a simple, effective and yet cheap method for removing arsenic from contaminated water.

RMALLI, S. W. ; HARRINGTON, C. F. ; AYUB, M. ; HARIS, P. I. (2005): A Biomaterial Based Approach for Arsenic Removal from Water. In: Journal of Environmental Monitoring : Volume 7 , 279-282. URL [Accessed: 12.01.2011]
Ecosan Expert Training Course for the Introduction of Ecological Sanitation in Bhutan

This is a report about an ecosan expert course carried out by seecon international gmbh, WHO and UNICEF in 2009. It was published by WHO to make others aware of the outcomes of the training course, and contains detailed information on the course contents, its methodology, and outcomes.

WHO (2009): Ecosan Expert Training Course for the Introduction of Ecological Sanitation in Bhutan. (= Training Course Report ). Geneva: World Health Organisation URL [Accessed: 12.01.2011]
Appropriateness of Low-cost Sewerage for African Cities: A questionnaire survey of expert opinion

A questionnaire survey was circulated via internet-based sanitation forums to assess the prevailing expert opinion on the appropriateness of low-cost sewerage for African cities. The questionnaire explored opinions about low-cost, solids-free sewerage (settled sewerage), low-cost, solids-transporting sewerage (simplified ed sewerage, condominial sewerage), and conventional solids-transporting sewerage.

NORMAN, G. CHENOWETH, J. (2009): Appropriateness of Low-cost Sewerage for African Cities: A questionnaire survey of expert opinion. Surrey: University of Surrey URL [Accessed: 11.01.2011]
Anaerobic Pre-Treatment of Strong Sewage: A proper solution for Jordan

The main objective of this research was to assess the feasibility of applying low cost anaerobic technology for the treatment of relatively high strength sewage of Jordan usin two-stage and one-stage UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactors operated at ambient temperatures.

HALALSHEH M.M. (2002): Anaerobic Pre-Treatment of Strong Sewage: A proper solution for Jordan. (= PhD Thesis ). Wageningen: Wageningen University URL [Accessed: 11.01.2011]
Financial and Economic Analysis of Ecological Sanitation in Sub-Saharan Africa

This presentation shows the main results of a study on financial and economic analysis of ecological sanitation (ecosan) in Sub-Saharan Africa. It focuses on a comparison of ecosan with conventional sanitation systems suitable for urban settlements. The aim of the study was to compare ecosan with conventional sanitation systems in terms of financial and economic costs and benefits, in order to assist decision-makers and sponsors of development programs to make informed decisions about relative merits of different types of sanitation. Based on two case study analysis, none of the currently implemented systems are seen to provide an obvious model for scaling up without considerable. external support.

KNAPP, A. (2009): Financial and Economic Analysis of Ecological Sanitation in Sub-Saharan Africa. PPT Presentation. (= World Water Week Stockholm, 2009 ). URL [Accessed: 10.01.2011]
Application of Small Bore Sewer System in Kecamatan Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang

The objective of this research was to analyse in how far the small bore sewertechnology could be applied and to design sewerage system in Kecamatan Jatinangor, Sumedang, using small bore sewer concept.

HARINDI, F.T. KAMIL, I.M. (n.y): Application of Small Bore Sewer System in Kecamatan Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang. Bandung: Faculty of Civil and Environment Engineering ITB URL [Accessed: 10.01.2011]
Study for Financial and Economic Analysis of Ecological Sanitation in Sub-Saharan Africa

This study focuses on the comparison of ecosan with conventional sanitation systems suitable for urban settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of the study was to compare ecosan with conventional sanitation systems in terms of financial and economic costs and benefits, in order to assist decision-makers and sponsors of development programs to make informed decisions about relative merits of different types of sanitation. Based on two case study analysis, none of the currently implemented systems are seen to provide an obvious model for scaling up without considerable external support.

WSP (2009): Study for Financial and Economic Analysis of Ecological Sanitation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington: Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) URL [Accessed: 10.01.2011]
Small-scale Systems for Greywater Reuse and Disposal

This work aimed at evaluating two systems – vertical gardens and mulch beds – that were implemented as an alternative to current greywater disposal practices in low-income households in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Literature on greywater reuse and disposal systems and risks connected with greywater irrigation were studied as well as relevant site-specific parameters. Experiments were carried out on two new vertical gardens in addition to soil analyses, interviews and observations in households where vertical gardens and mulch beds had been in use for several months.

EKLUND, O.C. TEGELBERG, L. (2010): Small-scale Systems for Greywater Reuse and Disposal. Uppsala: Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural sciences URL [Accessed: 06.01.2011]
How to Separate Urine

This flyer contains information about the importance of urine reuse. The nutrients in urine are easily taken up by plants. The fertilised plant will grow faster, develop more leaves and produce higher yields. Applying urine to crops instead of chemical fertilisers saves money and energy and produces a similar yield. One person produces about 500 liter urine per year.

WECF (2010): How to Separate Urine. Utrecht/Munich/Annemasse: Women in Europe for a Common Future URL [Accessed: 06.01.2011]
The Challenges of Solid Waste Management in Rural Romania

Solid waste management is a hot issue in Romania and one which needs to be addressed urgently. The lack of a proper waste management has become an obvious problem in the countryside: roadsides, hedges, village borders and fields are all covered with litter, plastic packaging and animal manure. Up till now, there has been little or no support from local, regional or national authorities for solving the waste problems in rural villages. Therefore citizens help themselves as best as they can. This survey provides information on the types of waste and on the management of waste by the citizens of 4 villages in 3 different Romanian counties.

WECF (2010): The Challenges of Solid Waste Management in Rural Romania. Utrecht/Munich/Annemasse: Women in Europe for a Common Future URL [Accessed: 06.01.2011]
Developing Water Safety Plans involving schools. Introducing “Water Safety Plans” for small-scale water supply systems. Manual for teacher and pupils

The WSP manual is based on the WHO instrument to assess the risks for small scale water supply systems and contains information concerning water safety plans, background information, educational information and suggestions for teachers. With this manual teachers and pupils can develop water safety plans for small scale water supply systems together.

MOELLER, D. SAMWEL, M. (2008): Developing Water Safety Plans involving schools. Introducing “Water Safety Plans” for small-scale water supply systems. Manual for teacher and pupils. Utrecht/Munich/Annemasse: Women in Europe for a Common Future URL [Accessed: 06.01.2011]
Wastewater Treatment: The Experiences Of The Scientific Research Council In Jamaica

The availability of local water resources in Jamaica is threatened by environmental pollution caused by domestic, agricultural and industrial interference. The Scientific Research Council (SRC) of Jamaica has over the ten years focused on providing appropriate technological and economic alternatives to the agricultural, municipal and industrial sectors, in order to avoid, reduce and treat wastewater. This paper will present experiences of the SRC in providing cost effective solutions to waste producers in Jamaica enabling delivery of “green” products and services to satisfy local and international environmental standards.

BROWN, J. (2003): Wastewater Treatment: The Experiences Of The Scientific Research Council In Jamaica. Kingston: Scientific Research Council (SRC) URL [Accessed: 06.01.2011]
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CSE (n.y): Filters developed by WISY. New Delhi: Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) URL [Accessed: 05.01.2011]
UASB Technology For Sewage Treatment In India: Experience, Economic Evaluation And Its Potential In Other Developing Countries

This paper reviews the overall implications of UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) technology in India. Institutional and technical aspects with special reference to the Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) are presented. It also presents the potential of UASB technology in other developing countries with its future within India as well based on the evaluation of life cycle cost.

KHALIL, N. SINHA, R. RAGHAV, A.K. MITTAL, A.K. (2008): UASB Technology For Sewage Treatment In India: Experience, Economic Evaluation And Its Potential In Other Developing Countries. (= Proceedings in: 12th Water Technology Conference, Alexandria, Egypt. ). URL [Accessed: 05.01.2011]