Perspectives are different frameworks from which to explore the knowledge around sustainable sanitation and water management. Perspectives are like filters: they compile and structure the information that relate to a given focus theme, region or context. This allows you to quickly navigate to the content of your particular interest while promoting the holistic understanding of sustainable sanitation and water management.
This study assesses water quality and sanitary conditions to estimate the burden of disease associated with each technology in disability adjusted life years (DALYs). The findings suggest that deep tube wells and rain harvesting provide safe water.
HOWARD, G. ; AHMED, M.F. ; SHAMSUDDIN, A.J. ; MAHMUD, S.G. ; DEERE, D. (2006): Risk Assessment of Arsenic Mitigation Options in Bangladesh. In: Journal of Health Population and Nutrition 24: Volume 3 , 346-355. URL [Accessed: 18.01.2011]
This paper examines the use of granular ferric hydroxide to remove both arsenate and arsenite present in drinking water by conduction batch and column studies. Batch and column studies showed that granular ferric hydroxide (GFH) could be effectively used in small water utilities to achieve less than 5 μg As/l in drinking water.
THIRUNAVUKKARASU, O.S. ; VIRARAGHAVAN, T. ; SUBRAMANIAN, K.S. (2003): Arsenic removal from drinking water using granular ferric hydroxide. In: Water SA29: Volume 2 , 161-170. URL [Accessed: 18.01.2011]
The study assess the effectiveness of zerovalent iron for arsenic remediation in groundwater, determines removal mechanisms of arsenic and evaluates implications of these processes with regard to the stability of arsenic and long- term remedial performance of the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) technology.
LIEN, H.S. ; WILKIN, R.T. (2005): High-Level Arsenite Removal from Groundwater by zerovalent Iron. In: Chemosphere : Volume 59 , 377-386.
This paper presents the findings of technical and social performances of the SONO Arsenic Filter, an arsenic removal technology in rural areas of Bangladesh.
SHAFIQUZZAMAN, M. ; AZAM, M.S. ; MISHIMA, I. ; NAKAJIMA, J. (2009): Technical and Social Evaluation of Arsenic Mitigation in Rural BangladeshChile. In: Journal of Health Population and Nutrition 27: Volume 5 , 674-683. URL [Accessed: 18.01.2011]
This study evaluates the performance of the filter under various set-ups, to investigate long-term removal efficiencies to improve the filter design and to implement the filter in arsenic affected villages.
NGAI, T. WALEWIJK, S. (2003): The Arsenic Biosand Filter project: Design of an Appropriate Household Drinking Water Filter For Rural Nepal - Final Report. Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology URL [Accessed: 18.01.2011]
This paper describes experiments with domestic sewage, using a 120 litre expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor and a 205 litre fluidised bed (FB) reactor.
LAST, van der ; A.R.M. ; LETTINGS, G. (1992): Anaerobic treatment of Domestic Sewage under Moderate Climatic (Dutch) conditions using Upflow Reactors at increased Superficial Velocities. In: Water Science and Technology (WSTED): Volume 25 , 167-178. URL [Accessed: 18.01.2011]
The hyacinth’s tissues were analysed to evaluate the removal of copper (Cu), hexavalent chromium (Cr VI), and arsenic (As) from CCA (Chromated Copper Arsenate) contaminated water over a 17-day period. The results showed that the hyacinth was not a suitable plant to remediate arsenic and copper.
KEITH, C. BORAZJANI, H. DIEHL, S.V. SU, Y. BALDWIN, B.S. (2006): Removal of Copper, Chromium, and Arsenic by Water Hyacinths. (= Proceedings of the 36th Annual Mississippi Water Resources Conference, 25th to 26th April 2006 ). Jackson: Mississippi Water Resources Research Institute (MWRRI) URL [Accessed: 18.01.2011]
This web link connects to a video on arsenic treatment by coagulation/filtration processes.
This poster gives an overview about the construction of a simplified sewer system in Brazil.
SANICON (n.y): Simplified Sewerage. The Hague and Loughbourgh: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre and Water, Engineering and Development Centre URL [Accessed: 13.01.2011]
This presentation talks about community based sanitation project in Indonesia and shows the main sanitation tools (e.g. simplified sewers or shared septic tanks).
LEGOWO, H.B. (2010): Community Based Sanitation (SANIMAS) in Indonesia. Jakarta: Sub-directorate of Wastewater Development, Directorate of Environmental Sanitation Development URL [Accessed: 13.01.2011]This website contains a short description of simplified sewerage and several links publications.
This study presents the experience of applying the condominial approach to expand water and sewerage networks in three contrasting Brazilian cities. It is based on the findings of a Study Tour to Brazil organised in December 2003 for utility managers and public officials from the Peruvian water sector, who were in the process of applying large-scale condominial systems in Lima for the first time. The goal of the visit was to permit the Peruvian delegation to see mature and functioning condominial systems on the ground, and to interact with local policymakers, utility managers, residents and specialists, to obtain a better idea of the challenges and potential advantages and disadvantages of implementing this system.
MELO, J.C. (2005): The Experience of Condominial Water and Sewerage Systems in Brazil. Case Studies from Brasilia, Salvador and Parauapebas. World Bank, Bank-Netherlands Water Partnership (BNWP), Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) URL [Accessed: 13.01.2011]