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This document presents a technical review of subsurface flow (SF) constructed wetlands as a decentralised wastewater treatment system. It supports that SF constructed wetlands can be a reliable and cost-effective treatment method for a wide range of wastewaters, with applications ranging from single family dwellings, parks, schools, and other public facilities to municipalities and industries.
EPA (1993): Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment. A Technology Assessment. Washington D.C.: United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) URL [Accessed: 06.09.2012]