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This online article summarizes the study of NEWTON, R. J. et al., 2015: Sewage Reflects the Microbiomes of Human Populations, In: mBio, Vol. 6 (2).
PENNISIS, E. (2015): Pollution, Human Health tracked with Sewage Microbes. Science Online URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018]In this review, the authors highlight relevant data and describe an initiative through the Arctic Council’s Sustainable Development Working Group to characterize the extent of WASH services in Arctic nations, the related health indicators and climate-related vulnerabilities to WASH services. With this as a baseline, efforts to build collaborations across the Arctic will be undertaken to promote innovations that can extend the benefits of water and sanitation services to all residents.
HENNESSY, T.W. and BRESSLER, J.M. (2016): Improving health in the Arctic region through safe and affordable access to household running water and sewer services. an Arctic Council initiative. International Journal of Circumpolar Health URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018] PDFPresentation held by Wayne Parker, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Ontario.
The sewage epidemiology approach was applied to a one-year sampling campaign in the largest wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Belgium to estimate the consumption of illicit drugs (e.g. cocaine). This manuscript shows that sewage epidemiology provides consistent and logical results and that it is a promising tool that can be used in addition to classical studies to estimate illicit drug use in populations.
VAN NUIJS, A. L.N. et al. (2011): Sewage Epidemiology — A real-time Approach to estimate the Consumption of illicit Drugs in Brussels, Belgium. In: Environment International: Volume 37 , 612-621. URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018]This policy summary refers to the most recent AMAP assessment which looks at a wide range of chemicals newly and recently detected in Arctic ecosystems. These ‘chemicals of emerging Arctic concern’ should be considered potential candidates for future research or monitoring and possibly for consideration under relevant global and/or regional regulations. In addition, these chemicals of emerging concern contribute to an even broader understanding of how Arctic pollution is changing.
This book addresses the most important issues in the field of pharmaceuticals in the environment for the near future. Typical examples and abundant data are presented.
KUEMMERER, K. (2004): Pharmaceutcals in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks - second Edition. Springer Berlin Heidelberg URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018]When people take drugs, they end up in the water, either unchanged or broken down into specific metabolites. Increasingly, water can be tested to gauge how much drug use is going on in an area, and a new study shows that the level of illegal drugs being used in a community can be tested in real time, and potentially applied to help police narcotic use.
MAIN, D. (2014): Real-time Wastewater Analysis shows what drugs are being used where. Popular Science URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018]This paper conducts a scoping review on traditional foods and food security in Alaska. Google Scholar and the High North Research Documents were used to search for relevant primary research using the following terms: “traditional foods”, “food security”, “access”, “availability”, “utilisation”, “Alaska”, “Alaska Native” and “indigenous”. Twenty four articles from Google Scholar and four articles from the High North Research Documents were selected. The articles revealed three types of research approaches, those that quantified traditional food intake (n=18), those that quantified food security (n=2), and qualitative articles that addressed at least one pillar of food security (n=8).
WALCH, A. et al. (2018): A scoping review of traditional food security in Alaska. In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health: Volume 77 URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018] PDFThis paper presents the results of a pilot project testing rainwater harvesting in a water-insecure indigenous community of 140 people in Coastal Labrador in subarctic Canada. It builds on previous research on water insecurity impacts in the community and identifies domestic rainwater harvesting (DRWH) as a small-scale, inexpensive potential remedy.
MERCER, N. and HANRAHAN, M (2017): “Straight from the heavens into your bucket”: domestic rainwater harvesting as a measure to improve water security in a subarctic indigenous community. In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health: Volume 76 URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018] PDFSewage is an effective means to sample the fecal bacteria from millions of people, a new study has indicated. Researchers say the information gleaned from the work provides a unique opportunity to monitor, through gut microbes, the public health of a large population without compromising the privacy of individuals.
This online article summarizes the study of NEWTON, R. J. et al., 2015: Sewage Reflects the Microbiomes of Human Populations, In: mBio, Vol. 6 (2).
Hebert, G. (2015): Sewage provides Insight into Human Microbiome. ScienceDaily URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018]This paper provides highlights of a utilization-focused evaluation of a collaborative Pan-Arctic Inuit Wellness TV Series that was broadcasted live in Alaska and Canada in May 2009.
JOHNSON, R. et al. (2012): Pan-Arctic TV Series on Inuit wellness: a northern model of communication for social change?. In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health: Volume 70 , 235-244. URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018] PDFThis review summarizes the current contamination status of different environment media, including sewage, surface water, sludge, sediments, soil, and wild animals, in China by PPCPs. The human body burden and adverse effects derived from PPCPs are also evaluated.
LIU, JL. and WONG, M.H. (2013): Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCP): A Review on environmental Contamination in China. In: Environment International: Volume 59 , 208-224. URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018]The authors investigate the relationship between the presence of in-home piped water and wastewater services and hospitalization rates for respiratory tract, skin, and gastrointestinal tract infections in rural Alaska.
HENNESSY, T.W. et al. (2008): The Relationship Between In-Home Water Service and the Risk of Respiratory Tract, Skin, and Gastrointestinal Tract Infections Among Rural Alaska Natives. In: American Journal of Public Health: Volume 98 , 2072-2078. URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018]As part of a project endorsed by the Arctic Council’s Sustainable Development Working Group (SDWG), this paper presents the results of a survey about the current status of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services in the Arctic region. It came out that many remote Arctic and sub-Arctic residents lack WASH services, and these disparities are often not reflected in national summary data. Environmental changes impacting WASH services were reported by respondents in every Arctic nation. Participants at an international conference co-sponsored by SDWG reviewed these results and provided suggestions for next steps to improve health of Arctic residents.
BRESSLER, J.M. and HENNESSY, T.W. (2018): Results of an Arctic Council survey on water and sanitation services in the Arctic. In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health: Volume 77 , 1. URL [Accessed: 02.08.2018] PDF