Water is precious in Eritrea, where farmers have to cope with droughts and crop failures. With support from the government and an IFAD-funded project, farmers and herders are expanding spate irrigation, an ancient form of water management. By harnessing floodwaters and collecting run-off, farmers can provide enough water for the crop season. Now some farmers can obtain yields that are six times what they used to be.
Library
![](/sites/default/files/reference_icons/SUSANA%202008%20Food%20Security%20and%20Productive%20Sanitation%20Systems.jpg)
The factsheet describes the food security situation especially in light of limited global resources, the role of sustainable sanitation in closing the nutrient loop and increasing productivity, and challenges in implementing productive sanitation systems.
SUSANA (2009): Food security and productive sanitation systems. (= SuSanA fact sheet 05/2009 ). Eschborn: Sustainable Sanitation Alliance (SuSanA) URL [Visita: 07.05.2019]![](/sites/default/files/reference_icons/BJORNBERG%20and%20LEYTEM%20ny%20Phosphorus%20Loss%20with%20Surface%20Irrigation.jpg)
There are two main mechanisms in a surface irrigation system which influence phosphorous (P) transport; erosion and desorption of P into irrigation runoff water. This report describes reduction strategies to keep phosphorous in the soil.
BJORNBERG, D. LEYTEM, A. (n.y): Phosphorus Loss with Surface Irrigation. Kimberley: United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) URL [Visita: 07.05.2019]![](/sites/default/files/reference_icons/GRABOW%20et%20al%202008%20Evaluation%20Of%20Evapotranspiration.jpg)
This study compares two types of commercially available irrigation control technologies, one based on estimates of evapotranspiration and the other based on feedback from soil moisture sensors.
GRABOW, G.L. VASANTH, A. BOWMAN, D. HUFFMAN, R.L. MILLER, G.L. (2008): Evaluation Of Evapotranspiration-Based and Soil-Moisture based Irrigation Control in Turf. Ahupua'a: World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008 URL [Visita: 07.05.2019]![](/sites/default/files/reference_icons/DENR%202009%20Water%20efficiency%20manual.jpg)
This paper explains how to use water more efficiently in commercial, industrial and institutional facilities.
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES (2009): Water Efficiency Manual. North Carolina: Department of Environment and Natural Resources. URL [Visita: 07.05.2019]![](/sites/default/files/reference_icons/SHAH%202000%20Pedaling%20Out%20of%20Poverty%20Manual%20Irrigation%20Tech.jpg)
This paper offers an assessment of the social impact of treadle pump technology for manual irrigation in eastern India, the Nepal Terai, and Bangladesh, South Asia’s so-called “poverty square.” This region where 500 million of the world's poorest people live is underlain by one of the world’s best groundwater resources. Treadle pump technology can be a powerful tool for poverty reduction in this region. It “self-selects” the poor and it puts to productive use the region’s vast surplus family labor. It is claimed that the treadle pump could raise the annual net household income by US$100, on the average.
SHAH, T. ALAM, M. DINESH KUMAR, M. NAGAR, R.K. SINGH, M. (2000): Pedaling out of Poverty: Social Impact of a Manual Irrigation Technology in South Asia. (= Research Report , 45 ). Battaramulla: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) URL [Visita: 07.05.2019]Water for irrigation: different irrigation techniques and tips for using water for irrigation
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This book is written for practitioners, researchers and graduate students in environmental and public health, sanitary and agricultural engineering, and wastewater irrigation management in developing countries. In particular, it should be useful for all those working to assess and mitigate health risks from the use of wastewater and faecal sludge in agriculture, under conditions where wastewater treatment is absent or inadequate to safeguard public health. In this respect, the book builds on and complements the international Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater published in 2006 by the World Health Organization in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the United Nations Environment Programme.
DRECHSEL, P. ; SCOTT, C.A. ; RASCHID-SALLY, L. ; REDWOOD, M. ; BAHRI, A. (2010): Wastewater Irrigation and Health. Assessing and Mitigating Risk in Low-Income Countries. London: Earthscan URL [Visita: 07.05.2019]![](/sites/default/files/reference_icons/IDE%20ny%20Technical%20Manual%20for%20Ideal%20Micro%20Irrigation%20Systems.jpg)
This manual features comprehensive parts lists and instructions for assembling low-cost drip irrigation systems.
IDE (n.y): Technical Manual for Ideal Micro Irrigation Systems. Golden: International Development Enterprises URL [Visita: 07.05.2019]This report summarises the results of four years of research on three existing dam and rice field sites: Sélingué in Mali, Bagré in Burkina Faso and Anambé in Senegal. The aim of these micro and macro-economic studies was to analyse the financial and economic viability of water infrastructure projects and opportunities for improving the living conditions of smallholder farmers after the construction of dams.
BAZIN, F. et al. (2017): Irrigation, Food Security and Poverty – Lessons from three large Dams in West Africa. Global Water Initiative (GWI) URL [Visita: 07.05.2019] PDF![](/sites/default/files/reference_icons/RANA%20et%20al%202006%20Effect%20of%20Basin%20Furrow%20and%20Raingun%20Sprinkler%20Irrigation%20Systems.jpg)
A field study was conducted on sunflower by using different irrigation techniques, such as basin, furrow and raingun sprinkler systems at Post-Graduate Agricultural Research Station (PARS), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during 1998-2002. The comparison of irrigation efficiencies, nitrate leaching and the yield of sunflower was noted.
RANA, M.A. ARSHAD, M. MASUD, J. (2006): Effect of Basin, Furrow and Raingun Sprinkler Irrigation Systems on Irrigation Efficiencies, Nitrate-Nitrogen Leaching and Yield of Sunflower. Islamabad: Pakistan Journal of Water Resources URL [Visita: 07.05.2019]![](/sites/default/files/reference_icons/WALKER%202003%20Surface%20Irrigation%20Simulation%20Evaluation%20and%20Design.jpg)
This is a very detailed document about surface irrigation simulation, evaluation and design. The aim of the manuscript is to improve the water irrigation management, which is an important step to guarantee security and stability in food supplies. You will be able to find the PDF presentation downloading the ZIP archive and opening the Surface Irrigation Design file.
WALKER, W.R. (2003): SIRMOD III - Surface Irrigation Simulation Evaluation and Design. Guide and Technical Documentation. "PDF Presentation". Logan, Utah (USA): Utah State University (USU). URL [Visita: 07.05.2019]![](/sites/default/files/reference_icons/RAO%20et%20al%202004%20GIS%20Based%20Decision%20Support%20Syste.jpg)
This study presents a scheme for the development of a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based decision support system (DSS) for real time water demand estimation in distributaries.
RAO, N.H. ; BROWNEE, S.M. ; SARMA, P.B.S. (2004): GIS-Based Decision Support System for Real Time Water Demand Estimation in Canal Irrigation Systems. Entradas: Current Science: Volume 87 , 628-636. URL [Visita: 07.05.2019]