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Sanitation Frameworks and Approaches
Sanitation 21 Framework
The framework proposed by the International Water Association (IWA) task force for the analysis and selection of appropriate sanitation systems is…
NETSSAF Approach
The tutorial for sustainable sanitation planning is a ready source of information for decision makers and individuals involved in setting up…
Open Planning of Sanitation Systems
The objective of the Open Planning of Sanitation Systems (OPSS) approach is to provide a practical guideline for the planning and implementation of…
GTZ Ecosan Approach
The guidelines and toolbox presented in the GTZ ecosan source book aim to address the needs and interests of initiators, planners, practitioners and…
Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS)
Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) is an approach which helps rural communities to understand and realise the negative effects of poor sanitation…
City Sanitation Plans (CSP)
City Sanitation Plans are strategic planning processes for citywide sanita-tion sector development. Addressing technical and non-technical aspects of…
Sanitation as a Business
Lack of sanitation is a major risk factor, especially for people in developing countries. Problems with sanitation services have led to the…
Community-Led Urban Environmental Sanitation (CLUES)
The Community-Led Urban Environmental Sanitation (CLUES) approach presents comprehensive guidelines for the planning and implementation of…
Financial Sustainability of WASH Services
Financing WASH Services sustainably – in the sense of securing service delivery after implementation – has proven to be a challenge. Providing…
Water Frameworks and Approaches
EMPOWERS Approach
EMPOWERS is a regional programme mainly funded by the European Commission's MEDA (Mediterranean Regional Programme for Local Water Management) Water…
Water Safety Plans
Water Safety Plans are an improved risk management tool designed to ensure the safety of drinking water through the use of a comprehensive risk…
Financial Sustainability of WASH Services
Financing WASH Services sustainably – in the sense of securing service delivery after implementation – has proven to be a challenge. Providing…
Hygiene Frameworks and Approaches
Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation (PHAST)
PHAST stands for “Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation”. The approach is a participatory learning methodology that seeks to empower…
Child Hygiene and Sanitation Training (CHAST)
Children’s Hygiene and Sanitation Training (CHAST) is an approach for promoting personal hygiene among children. CHAST is based on the well-…